Prosthetics for above and below the knee amputation

Above-knee prosthesis

The above-knee prosthesis is for transfemoral amputations. The amputations can be a result of any trauma, disease, and internal body infection. Prosthesis for above-knee amputations consists of different parts that complete a perfect above-knee prosthesis.

Socket

A socket is the part of the prosthesis, which helps in fitting the residual limb or stump into it. Material, which helps in the composition of this part, is metal, thermoplastic, and any type of laminated material.

Knee joint

Knee joints are of various types. Some of these knee joints are of swing design, while some knee joints tend to stay in the locked position. The locked designs help walk while you can unlock the prosthesis for sitting purposes.

You can only use the above-knee prosthetic when the amputation is at levels above the natural joint of the knee or the place higher than the joint as transfemoral amputation.

Tibial tube or shin tube

The Shin tube lies between the prosthetic foot and knee joint. The material helpful in the composition of the shin tube is lightweight as titanium, aluminum, and carbon fiber.

Foot and ankle

Foot and ankle are the lower parts of the prosthesis. There are several shapes and types of foot and ankle for a prosthesis. This part of the prosthesis is customized for individual needs.

Suspension

Suspension helps in holding the stump of the limb in place. The suspension, according to your needs, becomes available when your limb is ready for the measurements.

Cover or cosmesis

This part helps in giving the appearance and shape to the limb. Most of the time, the cover has foam tube material, which matches the color of the skin. This part is sometimes covered with stockings as well.

Below-knee prosthesis

In the case of transtibial amputations, the ideal option is to use an adjustable prosthesis. Below, knee prosthesis also consists of the same components as in above-knee amputation. But in these prostheses, there is no need for moving or adjustable knee joints. The movement on the knee joint is free, which makes it easier to walk with these devices without any need for the knee joint.

In transtibial amputations, the prosthesis contains the following significant features:

1.    A soft inner liner which helps to give the stump a more comfortable receptacle

2.    A suction-socket valve which helps in reducing the motion between socket and stump

3.    There should be total contact between the prosthesis and the body to improve body weight support.

4.    The prosthesis should also contain air cushioning for minimizing the displacement of the stump and improving the comfort of the socket.

5.    Following the liner, there should be a suction socket shell in a relative sitting position.

6.    The prosthesis should also contain a removable liner for maximizing the facilitation of minor adjustments of the socket.

All these features play their roles in developing a customized prosthesis according to the needs of the patient. The best professionals who can give all the necessary detail and measurement are the prosthetists. These professionals can develop a perfect device according to your needs.